Artificial-breathing apparatus



March m1 1924; 1,488,442. A

w H. W. C. SCHRODER ARTIFICIAL BREATHING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 18 192i" Patented Mar. 25, 1924-,

wires stares means Parent erases,

HANS WILHELM CHRISTIAN scnnonna, or LUBECK, GE MANY, assreiioa r0 ALEX- ANDEB BERNHARD DRAGER, 0F FINKENBERG, LUBECK, GERMANY.

Application filed August 18, 1921. Serial No. 493,483.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS or THE ACT or reasons, 1921, 41 STAT. r.., 1313.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LHANsVVzLHnLM Crims- TIAN SoHRoDEn, a German citizen, residing at Lubeck, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Artificial- Breathing Apparatus, for which applications for patents have been filed in Germany, December 22, 1917, Patent No. 309,258; Austria, October 31, 1918, patent not yetissued; and Hungary, November 23,1918, Patent No. 76,008, and of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in artificial breathing apparatus of the type disclosed by Letters Patent in the United States granted under No. 1,136,517 on the 20th April, 1915, in which there is provided means for producing respiratory pressure gas (oxygen), a circulating pipe in connection with the said means, a breathing pipe, and an air-socket in communication with the atmosphere, an injector device (nozzle and cone) in the circulating pipe adapted to engender a gas current, and a reversing member also in said circulating pipe and adapted to establish communication either between the injector and the breathing pipe while maintaining the circulation of the air entering through the air socket in order to direct a current of gas and air into the breathing pipe to cause inspiration, or between the injector and the air socket while maintaining the circulation between the breathing pipe and the air socket in order to direct a current of gas and exhaled air into the atmosphere to cause expiration.

The object of the improvements is to further develop the apparatus disclosed in the above cited patent in such. a way as to be adapted for supplying, in cases of severe poisoning (by carbon monoxide for exam ple), the respiratory organs of thepatient with additional oxygen that is to say, with an oxygen-air mixture very rich in oxygen without increasing the total volume of the oxygen-air supply above that previously admitted.

According to the present invention the object aimed at is attained by providing a valve controlled by-pass adapted to admit, in addition to the oxygen supplied by the injector nozzle, additional. oxygen directly into the apparatus without-passing through the said nozzle. The 'by-pass being arranged with relation to the injector-device (nozzle and injector cone) in such a manner that it branches ofi' from the oxygen supply pipe in front of the nozzle and discharges into the circulating pipe at a place either between the nozzle and the injector cone or in the rear of the latter, whereby the additional oxygen entering into the circulating system forces or holds back a part-of the air otherwise sucked into the circulating pipe, this portion of air soheld back being replaced by the additional oxygen supplied through the by-pass; By means of the controlling valve in the by-pass the supply of additional oxygen can be regulated according to requirements or shut off entirely.

The invention is illustrated more, diagrammatically inthe drawing in which- Figure 1 shows as a constructional exam ple in section an apparatus to be worked by an injector device (nozzle and cone) for the production of artificial breathing, with a valve controlled by-pass for the nozzle. The apparatus is represented as adjusted for the pressure stage of the breathing with the bypass open;

Figure 2 is a similar view to Figure 1, ex-

cept that the by-pass is closed.

Figure 3 corresponds to Figure 2, except that the apparatus is reversed for the suction stage of the breathing.

Figure 4 shows the breathing apparatus in elevation, with the control-valve of the bypass positively connected to the reserving device for the breathing apparatus, so that it is, operated conjointly therewith.

A pipe (0 supplies oxygen under pressure which issues from the narrow bore nozzle Z) and produces a pressure somewhat above atmospheric in the injector cone 0 and a pressure somewhat below atmospheric in the circulating pipe d, preferably in the form of a rectangle as shown. Oxygen under pressure can also be supplied through a by-pass way during the inspiration stage in the well known way as follows. By the suctional action of the oxygen -rushing through the nozzle Z) atmospheric air is drawn mto the socket h of the casing z of the reversing valve 7 and into the circulating pipe (Z and after admixture with the working oxygen in the injector cone 0 is supplied through thebreathing-pipe =7, the flexible pipe 'Z and the mask m, to the respiratory organs at a pressure slightly'above atmospheric. When new the valve '7 of the 'by-pass is opened (see Figure 1*). a definite volume of addi tional oxygen flows into the injector chair ber g, partially bars the admission of the outer air and mixeswith the working oxygen'from-the nozzle'band the rest ot t-he air drawn 'in from outsidein'the injector cone 0. This mixture is then very rich in oxygen and flows as above at a pressure slightly above atmospheric and the saine "total volume tothe mask m.

Now in order that no unnecessary waste of oxygen -may take place during the enpiration stage i('see Figure the valve f of the by-pass e is to be closedduringthis time. This provision is also very convenient for the reason, that the suctional actionproduced by the nozzle 6 shall be fully utilized on the respiratory organs during the expiration stage. The shutting-off of the "valve 7 must take place simultaneously with the reversal of the rotary valve "n in the casing The valves f and a are-therefore positively connected with each other by a system of levers 0, an example of this construction being shown in Figure 4.

If the reversal ofthevalve n be effected mechanically'or automatically the reversal of the valve f ma-y also be effected by separate rods without any positive connection being provided with the reversing valve n.

The by-pass with the controlling valve for the additional oxygen may also be provided in apparatus in which separate inhaling-andexhaling pipes lead fromthe casing *i-o'f the reversing device tol'the :inask.

It caneasily be seen that :the present an rangement of the bypass constitutes an important improvement, as it is now possible, particularly in severe cases-of asphyxiation, to treat the patient with the -necessary increased amount of oxygen, without altering the method of working itself.

to for admixture with air in said system,

and a valve'controlled by-pass connected with sald'syste'man d conduit'at, points igion opposite sides of the polnt of connection of said conduit with said system and adapted to. supply'additional respiratory gas to said circulating system whereby the proportion of gas is increased avithout increasing the volume of the gas and air mixture.

2. In an artificial breathing apparatusof the kind described, an oxygen supply pipe, a breathing pipe, a circulatingpipe in com munication with said pipes andwith-the' at mosphere, an injector device adapted 'to cause adrespiratory gas current through the circulating pipe, a reversing-member in the circulating pipe i or directing either a current of and air into the breathing pipe to cause inspiration or a currento't and exhaled airinto theatmosphereto cause expiration. and a valve controlled by-pass for the injector device whereby additional respiratory gas is passed-directly into thecirculating system of the apparatus.

8. In an artificial breathing apparatus of the'kind described, a circulatingpipe, an injector cone communicating therewith, a valve controlled by pass adapted to supply additional respiratory gas directly into said circulating pipe,' the said by-pass discharging at aplace'in the front'or in the rear of the injector-cone. V

4. in an artificial breathing apparatus of the kind described, acirculating'pipe,'a'device for reversing the direction o'f fiow'therein, a b-y-pass connected with said pipe, a controlling device in saidby-pass and means for positively connecting-the reversing device of the circulatingpipewith the controlling device of the by-pass, and adapted to operate the said-devices simultaneously. 5. In'an artificial breathing apparatus of the kind described, a circulating conduit connected with the atmosphere, a conduit for delivering respiratory .gas to said circulating conduit, a breathing conduit, a by-pass for supplying additional gasto said circulating conduit a valve controlling the connection between the circulating conduit and breathingconduit, a valve controlling said by-p'ass, and meansconnecting said valves for operatin' the same concurrci'itl'y in predetermined relation.

HANS WlLHELF/l CHRlSTIIiN 'SCliRijDE R. Vitness'es:

'FELIX Scirw'nicunit,

ERNST H. L. hluiminniiorr. v 

